Understanding OBD2 Code P0520: Engine Oil Pressure Sensor/Switch Circuit Malfunction

The dreaded Obd2 Code P0520 indicates a problem with your vehicle’s engine oil pressure sensor/switch circuit. This article will dive deep into understanding what P0520 means, why it happens, how to diagnose it, and the potential fixes. Ignoring this code can lead to serious engine damage, so let’s get to the bottom of it.

What Does the P0520 Code Mean?

The P0520 code signifies an issue with the electrical circuit of your engine oil pressure sensor or switch. This component plays a vital role in monitoring oil pressure and alerting the driver if the pressure drops too low. A malfunctioning sensor or circuit can provide inaccurate readings or no readings at all, hindering your ability to gauge your engine’s lubrication status.

Causes of the OBD2 Code P0520

Several factors can trigger the P0520 code. These include:

Faulty Oil Pressure Sensor/Switch: The sensor itself could be worn out, damaged, or simply malfunctioning due to age or exposure to extreme temperatures.
Wiring Problems: Damaged, corroded, or loose wiring in the sensor circuit can disrupt the signal transmission.
Low Engine Oil Level: Insufficient oil in the engine can lead to low oil pressure, triggering the code. Always check your oil level first.
Oil Pump Issues: A failing oil pump struggles to maintain adequate oil pressure.
Blocked Oil Passages: Clogged oil passages restrict oil flow, potentially setting off the P0520 code.
Short Circuit in the PCM: In rare cases, a short circuit in the Powertrain Control Module (PCM) can also trigger this code.

Faulty Oil Pressure Sensor Causing P0520 Code

Diagnosing the P0520 Code

Diagnosing the P0520 code involves a systematic approach:

Check the Oil Level: Ensure your engine oil level is within the recommended range. Low oil is an easy fix and could be the culprit.
Visually Inspect Wiring and Connectors: Look for any signs of damage, corrosion, or loose connections in the wiring harness connected to the oil pressure sensor.
Test the Oil Pressure Sensor: Using a multimeter, test the sensor’s resistance and voltage according to the manufacturer’s specifications.
Check Oil Pressure with a Mechanical Gauge: Verify the actual oil pressure using a mechanical gauge to confirm the sensor’s readings.
Inspect the Oil Pump: If the oil pressure is genuinely low, the oil pump may be the problem.
Check for Blocked Oil Passages: This requires a more in-depth inspection, potentially involving removing the oil pan and cleaning or replacing clogged passages.

Checking Wiring and Connectors for P0520 Diagnosis

Fixing the P0520 Code

Once you’ve identified the root cause, the fix can range from simple to complex:

Add Oil: If low oil level is the cause, simply top it off.
Repair or Replace Wiring: Damaged wiring needs repair or replacement.
Replace the Oil Pressure Sensor: A faulty sensor usually requires replacement.
Repair or Replace the Oil Pump: A failing oil pump requires repair or replacement.
Clean or Replace Blocked Oil Passages: This involves cleaning or replacing affected components.
Address PCM Issues: If the PCM is faulty, it needs to be diagnosed and potentially replaced or reprogrammed.

“A simple oil change can sometimes resolve the P0520 code. However, if the problem persists, a thorough diagnosis is crucial,” says John Davis, a seasoned automotive technician.

What Happens if You Ignore the P0520 Code?

Ignoring the P0520 code can lead to severe engine damage. Insufficient oil pressure can cause excessive wear and tear on engine components, ultimately resulting in engine failure.

Conclusion

The OBD2 code P0520 signals a potential problem with your engine’s oil pressure system. Addressing this code promptly can prevent catastrophic engine damage. While some fixes are straightforward, others require professional expertise. Don’t underestimate the importance of this code. If you’re uncertain about diagnosing or fixing the issue, consult a qualified mechanic.

FAQ

Can I drive with a P0520 code? It’s not recommended. Driving with low oil pressure can severely damage your engine.
How much does it cost to fix the P0520 code? The cost depends on the underlying cause and can range from a few dollars for an oil top-up to hundreds for more complex repairs.
How often should I check my engine oil level? At least once a month.
What is the difference between an oil pressure sensor and an oil pressure switch? A sensor provides continuous readings, while a switch triggers a warning at a specific pressure threshold.
Can a bad oil filter cause the P0520 code? While unlikely, a severely clogged filter can contribute to low oil pressure.
Is the P0520 code the same for all car makes and models? Yes, it generally indicates the same issue across different vehicles.
Can I reset the P0520 code myself? Yes, you can use an OBD2 scanner to reset the code, but it will likely return if the underlying problem isn’t fixed.

For further assistance, please contact us via WhatsApp: +1(641)206-8880, Email: [email protected] or visit our office at 789 Elm Street, San Francisco, CA 94102, USA. Our customer support team is available 24/7.